The basic working principle of children's electric toy cars

The basic working principle of children's electric toy cars

In today's society, children's toy electric vehicles have become the mainstream of children's toys. There are many reasons why they are so popular, such as low cost, stable operation, easy operation, high safety, etc. The following I briefly introduces its working principle.I hope  it will help you.

To put it simply, the basic working principle of a children's toy electric car is: battery - current - power regulator - electric motor - power transmission system - driving the car.

The structure and layout of electric toy cars are various and flexible, and can be summarized into two forms: pure electric vehicle motor central drive and electric wheel drive. The central drive form of the motor borrows the driving scheme of the internal combustion engine vehicle, replaces the internal combustion engine with an electric motor and its related components, and uses one electric motor to drive the wheels on the left and right sides.The volume and mass of the mechanical transmission in the form of electric wheel drive are greatly reduced compared with that in the form of electric motor central drive, and the efficiency is significantly improved, at the cost of increasing the complexity and cost of the control system.

 The pure electric car adopts the central drive form of the electric motor, which directly borrows the driving scheme of the internal combustion engine vehicle, and is developed from the front-end drive of the engine, and is responsible for the electric motor, clutch, gearbox and differential.  The internal combustion engine is replaced by an electric drive device, and the power of the motor is connected or cut off by the clutch. The gearbox provides different transmission ratios to change the speed-power curve matching needs, and the transmission realizes the driving of the two wheels at different speeds when turning.

The pure electric ride on car adopts a dual-motor electric wheel drive method, and the mechanical differential is replaced by two traction motors, which drive their respective wheels. When turning, the electronic differential control is used to drive at different speeds, eliminating the need for a mechanical transmission.

        A structure unique to pure electric vehicles that uses batteries as an energy source. The batteries can be arranged around the car, or they can be arranged centrally at the rear of the car or under the chassis.  The selected battery should be able to provide high enough specific energy and specific power, and can recover regenerative braking energy when the vehicle is braking.  The power battery with high specific energy and high specific power can improve the acceleration and climbing ability of pure electric vehicles.

       In order to solve the problem that one type of storage battery cannot meet the requirements of specific energy and specific power at the same time, two different storage batteries can be used in pure electric vehicles at the same time, one of which can provide high specific energy and the other can provide high specific power.  Two kinds of batteries are used as the basic structure of the hybrid energy source. These two structures not only separate the requirements of contrast energy and specific power, but also can use the battery to recover energy when the car goes downhill or brakes.